Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
نویسنده
چکیده
The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a powerful and widely used technique that has greatly advanced our ability to analyze genes. Genomic deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) present in cells contains many thousands of genes. This makes it difficult to isolate and analyze any individual gene. PCR allows specific DNA sequences, usually corresponding to genes or parts of genes, to be copied from genomic DNA in a simple enzyme reaction. The only requirement is that some of the DNA sequence at either end of the region to be copied is known. DNA corresponding to the sequence of interest is copied or amplified by PCR more than one million fold and becomes the predominant DNAmolecule in the reaction. Sufficient DNA is obtained for detailed analysis or manipulation of the amplified gene.
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